What is the difference between accommodations in testing and accommodations in instruction for a student with ADHD?

• A. Testing accommodations adjust teaching methods; instruction accommodations adjust test conditions.
• B. Testing accommodations adjust test conditions; instruction accommodations adjust teaching methods or materials.
• C. Both testing and instruction accommodations adjust grading criteria only.
• D. Testing accommodations are not allowed for ADHD; only instruction accommodations exist.

Answer: (B)

Understanding where accommodations apply helps you see why testing and instruction need different supports. For a student with ADHD, testing accommodations focus on the conditions of taking the test—things that make the testing situation fair and manageable, not on changing what is learned. Examples include extra time, breaks, a quieter testing environment, or having a reader or scribe. Instructional accommodations, on the other hand, adjust how the material is taught and how the student demonstrates understanding during learning. This can mean breaking tasks into smaller steps, providing outlines or graphic organizers, allowing notes or assistive technology, and making changes to how lessons are delivered.

This distinction matches the best answer because it correctly assigns the type of support to the context: test settings receive adjustments to the testing conditions, while the instructional process receives adjustments to teaching methods or materials. The other ideas mix up where these supports belong—some suggest everything changes grading or test conditions, or claim ADHD testing supports aren’t allowed—so they don’t fit how accommodations are typically designed to help in both areas.